Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry

Private nonprofitSpecial Focus: Other Health ProfessionsVery small

Fin. Resilience

Resilience score

vs. 81 peers in its group

Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry is a private nonprofit institution in Bayamon, PR, classified by Carnegie as “Special Focus: Other Health Professions.”

It is benchmarked here against 81 peer institutions (Special Focus: Other Health Professions · Private nonprofit).

On Ibex's Financial Resilience score it rates 80 out of 100 within that peer group, a transparent composite of endowment per undergraduate, net tuition revenue per student, and instructional spend per student.

Its strongest standing relative to peers is operational-risk index (official findings) (0.0, 10th percentile).

Its weakest is metro-area unemployment rate (10%).

Peer group

Special Focus: Other Health Professions · Private nonprofit

81 institutions

No cross-metric risk flags triggered.

What changedlargest year-over-year moves

Net tuition revenue / FTE ▲ +9% $30,989 → $33,690 2023→2024

Instructional spend / FTE ▲ +9% $13,213 → $14,337 2023→2024

Most recent single-year change in each tracked metric (rates in percentage points). Green = moved in this metric’s favorable direction, red = unfavorable, grey = size or context, not scored. Each row uses the latest pair of years that metric has, and federal collections release on different schedules, so the years differ from row to row: read the years on the row, not just the ranking. A single year is also not a trend, the multi-year series is on each metric’s card below.

Policy & demographic exposure

How exposed Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry is to the structural shifts reshaping higher ed: a composite structural-risk index plus the 2025 federal budget law’s endowment excise tax, Grad PLUS elimination, new Parent PLUS borrowing cap and new Workforce Pell short-term-credential opportunity, and the demographic enrollment cliff. Only signals that apply to this institution are shown.

Grad PLUS exposure

23.3%

Moderate exposure

Higher than 43% of schools nationally

AY2025-26 (Federal Student Aid)

Avg Grad PLUS loan

$15,520

Half the cap+

Higher than 25% of schools nationally

AY2025-26 (Federal Student Aid)

Indicative signals, not forecasts, see each metric’s definition and the methodology. Endowment-tax, Grad PLUS, Parent PLUS and Workforce Pell figures appear only where the institution is exposed, and “nationally” compares against all schools that report each signal.

Turn these signals into action

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Financial Aid Agent

Revenue composition

Where the money comes from $8.1M total revenue · IPEDS FY2022-23

Tuition & fees is the largest single source at 85% of revenue.

Tuition & fees84.8%

Auxiliary enterprises15.2%

Private gifts & grants0.0%

Government grants & contracts0.0%

Where each dollar of revenue comes from, as a share of total positive revenue. Sources are standardized across public (GASB) and private (FASB) reporting. A net investment loss in a down market is shown as 0% and excluded from the mix.

Financial Health

The bar under each rank is the spread across the peer group: the shaded box is the middle half, the pale line is their median, and the gold marker is this institution. Hover for the figures.

Net tuition revenue / FTECalculated from filings

Strong

$33,690

88th percentile in peer grouppeer median $17,464

higher is better

2024-25 (Scorecard)80 peers

▲ +19% steady

Instructional spend / FTECalculated from filings

Strong

$14,337

72nd percentile in peer grouppeer median $9,233

higher is better

2024-25 (Scorecard)80 peers

▼ -4% choppy · turning

Avg monthly faculty salaryAs filed

Strong

$7,799

66th percentile in peer grouppeer median $7,024

higher is better

2024-25 (Scorecard)72 peers

Average monthly salary of full-time faculty, as reported to IPEDS.

Tuition discount rateCalculated from filings

0.6%

31st percentile in peer grouppeer median 3.5%

context, not scored

FY2022-2367 peers

Institutional grant aid as a share of gross tuition and fee revenue (IPEDS FY2022-23, FASB): tuition allowances funded by the school itself (endowment, gifts and other institutional money) ÷ (net tuition revenue + all allowances applied to tuition). Pell, other federal, state and local grants are left out of the numerator because they are not the school's discount. Private nonprofit institutions only. Public (GASB) institutions report tuition differently and are not shown. Also not shown where a school books most of its own aid as scholarship expense instead of as a tuition allowance, because this measure cannot see that aid. The rate covers all students, undergraduate and graduate, so it runs well below NACUBO's widely quoted average, which covers first-time, full-time freshmen only.

Administrative cost shareCalculated from filings

20.8%

40th percentile in peer grouppeer median 22.9%

context, not scored

FY2022-2374 peers

Institutional support, central administration, executive management, governance, general administration, fundraising and (under FASB rules) operation and maintenance of plant, as a share of total expenses (IPEDS FY2022-23, FASB). Private nonprofit institutions only: public (GASB) institutions report functional expenses on a different basis and frequently consolidate large hospital and auxiliary operations, which makes a comparable ratio unreliable, so they are not shown. Because FASB folds plant operations into institutional support, this runs higher than a narrow 'central-office' figure, and schools with sizable hospital or auxiliary operations show a lower ratio as those costs enlarge total expenses. An informational benchmark of administrative intensity, compared within the peer group, not a measure of waste or quality.

Spent on instructionCalculated from filings

45.2%

69th percentile in peer grouppeer median 38.5%

context, not scored

FY2022-23 (IPEDS)75 peers

Instruction spending divided by total functional expenses (IPEDS Finance, FY2022-23 (FASB)). 'Where the money goes' context, reported here for private-nonprofit (FASB) institutions only, where the functional split is comparable. It is not computed for public or for-profit institutions. Higher is not automatically better. Research universities and those with hospitals or large auxiliaries spread spending across other functions.

Spent on student servicesCalculated from filings

7.6%

33rd percentile in peer grouppeer median 10.8%

context, not scored

FY2022-23 (IPEDS)75 peers

Student-services spending (admissions, registrar, student life, counseling) divided by total functional expenses (IPEDS Finance, FY2022-23 (FASB)). Private-nonprofit (FASB) institutions only. Spending-mix context, not a quality measure.

Spent on academic supportCalculated from filings

9.2%

61st percentile in peer grouppeer median 8.4%

context, not scored

FY2022-23 (IPEDS)75 peers

Academic-support spending (libraries, academic computing, deans' offices) divided by total functional expenses (IPEDS Finance, FY2022-23 (FASB)). Private-nonprofit (FASB) institutions only. Context, not a quality measure.

Spent on researchCalculated from filings

30th percentile in peer grouppeer median 0%

context, not scored

FY2022-23 (IPEDS)75 peers

Research spending divided by total functional expenses (IPEDS Finance, FY2022-23 (FASB)). Private-nonprofit (FASB) institutions only. It runs near zero at teaching-focused colleges and sizeable at research universities. Spending-mix context, not a quality measure.

Full-professor average salaryAs filed

Strong

$96,204

76th percentile in peer grouppeer median $78,272

higher is better

2023-2453 peers

Average salary paid to full professors, the most senior instructional rank (IPEDS Human Resources, 2023-24, 9-month equated). It reflects both the school's pay scale and the seniority of its faculty, and it is a sizeable share of academic cost. Banded against the school's peer group.

Financial responsibility scoreRegulator / auditor finding

Strong

3.0

89th percentile in peer grouppeer median 2.3

higher is better

AY2022-23 (Federal Student Aid)67 peers

The U.S. Department of Education's financial-responsibility composite score, a -1.0 to +3.0 measure of an institution's solvency built from its audited finances. 1.5 and above passes, 1.0-1.4 is a zone needing oversight, and below 1.0 fails and can trigger letter-of-credit or cash-monitoring requirements. ED computes it only for private non-profit and proprietary schools, so it is reported only where scored. Higher is safer. Banded against the school's peer group.

Grad PLUS exposureCalculated from filings

Moderate exposure

23.3%

AY2025-26 (Federal Student Aid)

Share of the institution's graduate federal loan dollars (Grad Unsubsidized + Grad PLUS) that came from Grad PLUS, the program the 2025 budget law eliminates for new borrowers from July 1, 2026, alongside new caps on graduate borrowing. A higher share means more of the school's graduate students rely on borrowing that will no longer exist above the unsubsidized cap. Source: U.S. Dept. of Education / Federal Student Aid Direct Loan Dashboard, award year 2025-26, the complete year (July 2025 to June 2026). Shown only for schools with Grad PLUS originations. It is an exposure signal, not a forecast of revenue loss. Not shown where fewer than 10 students (or parents) borrowed. From the Federal Student Aid Direct Loan dashboard for award year 2025-26, the complete year (July 2025 to June 2026).

Avg Grad PLUS loanAs filed

Half the cap+

$15,520

AY2025-26 (Federal Student Aid)

Average Grad PLUS loan per recipient (FSA Direct Loan Dashboard, award year 2025-26, full year). The 2025 budget law eliminates Grad PLUS for new borrowers from July 1, 2026 and caps unsubsidized graduate borrowing at $20,500/year ($50,000/year for professional-degree students such as medicine and law), so for a graduate program this is the average per-borrower amount that will no longer be available above that cap. Paired with Grad PLUS exposure (the institution's reliance share), it is the depth axis of the Grad PLUS shock: how much each affected borrower stands to lose. Shown only where Grad PLUS was originated. Not shown where fewer than 10 students (or parents) borrowed. From the Federal Student Aid Direct Loan dashboard for award year 2025-26, the complete year (July 2025 to June 2026).

Operational-risk index (official findings)Blended index

Clean

0.0

10th percentile in peer grouppeer median 6.0

lower is better

ED composite AY2022-23 (Federal Student Aid)67 peers

A 0-100 severity score built only from published federal determinations: the Department of Education's financial-responsibility composite score, its Heightened Cash Monitoring list, and the going-concern, material-weakness, material-noncompliance, modified-opinion and repeat-finding results of the school's Single Audit. It is deliberately NOT a model: every component is something a regulator or an independent auditor put in writing. Components are scored only where they exist, and the score is their weighted average, so a school assessed on two signals sits on the same scale as one assessed on seven. Schools with neither a composite score nor a Single Audit on file are omitted rather than shown as clean: ED does not compute a composite score for public institutions, and no audit on file means nobody looked, not that nothing was found. Read it alongside the structural-risk index, which is the tool's own forward-looking model rather than a record of findings. Lower is better. The window shown is the one this school's own figure was measured over: it is shorter where the series starts late, ends early, or is cut at a reporting change, so peers are not all measured over identical years.

Enrollment & Pipeline

The bar under each rank is the spread across the peer group: the shaded box is the middle half, the pale line is their median, and the gold marker is this institution. Hover for the figures.

12-month FTE enrollmentAs filed

213

27th percentile in peer grouppeer median 541

context, not scored

2023-24 (IPEDS)80 peers

Full-time-equivalent enrollment over the full 12-month year (IPEDS 12-month enrollment, 2023-24). Counts part-time students at their fractional load, so it runs above fall full-time headcount and is the denominator used for per-student finance measures.

Fully online studentsAs filed

21st percentile in peer grouppeer median 6%

context, not scored

Fall 2023 (IPEDS)80 peers

Share of students enrolled exclusively in distance-education courses (IPEDS, Fall 2023). Describes delivery model, not quality. Online-heavy institutions look different on residential measures.

Hybrid (some online) enrollmentAs filed

13th percentile in peer grouppeer median 24.5%

context, not scored

Fall 202380 peers

Share of all students taking some, but not all, of their courses at a distance (IPEDS, Fall 2023). This is the hybrid middle ground between the fully online share and the fully in-person share, and it signals how far a school has moved coursework online without going exclusively remote. Context metric, not better or worse. Shown as a position within the peer group, not as a score.

Graduate share of enrollmentAs filed

100%

81st percentile in peer grouppeer median 65.6%

context, not scored

Fall 202380 peers

Graduate students as a share of total headcount enrollment (IPEDS, Fall 2023). It separates research-intensive universities with large graduate bodies from undergraduate-focused institutions. Context metric, not better or worse. Shown as a position within the peer group, not as a score.

Women share of facultyAs filed

57.1%

33rd percentile in peer grouppeer median 63.5%

context, not scored

Fall 202378 peers

Women as a share of all instructional staff, full- and part-time combined (IPEDS Human Resources, Fall 2023). A gender-composition signal for the teaching workforce. Context metric, not better or worse. Shown as a position within the peer group, not as a score.

Faculty of color shareAs filed

100%

95th percentile in peer grouppeer median 22.6%

context, not scored

Fall 202378 peers

Instructional staff who are American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Black, Hispanic, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, or two-or-more races, as a share of all instructional staff (IPEDS Human Resources, Fall 2023). Nonresident and race-unknown staff are excluded from the numerator. Context metric, not better or worse. Shown as a position within the peer group, not as a score.

Direct competitors within 100 miCalculated from filings

Below peers

90th percentile in peer grouppeer median 2

lower is better

2024-25 (Scorecard universe)81 peers

How many institutions in the same Ibex peer group, the schools most likely to compete for the same students, sit within roughly 100 miles. For most schools the peer group is the same Carnegie classification and control. Schools in small classes sit in broader fallback groups by level, sector or region (see Peer groups in the methodology), and for them the count is looser. A higher count means a more crowded local market and a harder yield fight, which matters most as the regional pool of high school graduates shrinks. A low count means the school has its catchment largely to itself. Distance is straight-line from campus coordinates. Banded against the school's peer group. Fewer is better for recruiting power.

Metro-area unemployment rateAs filed

Below peers

10%

95th percentile in peer grouppeer median 5.1%

lower is better

ACS 2020-2480 peers

The civilian unemployment rate in the school's metropolitan or micropolitan area (US Census ACS 2020-24, mapped by the school's federal CBSA code). It is a proxy for local labor demand: a lower rate means a tighter job market, a stronger near-term destination for graduates and a smaller pool of working adults to recruit. It describes the local economy, not the school. Schools outside any metro area are not scored. Banded against the school's peer group.

On-campus crime rateAs filed

Average

0 per 1k

38th percentile in peer grouppeer median 0 per 1k

lower is better

2024 (Clery)69 peers

Criminal offenses reported on campus in 2024 (murder, manslaughter, the four sex-offense categories, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, motor-vehicle theft and arson) per 1,000 students, from the school's federal Clery Act filing. Offenses are summed across the institution's campuses and divided by its total enrollment. A higher number does not always mean a more dangerous school: thorough reporting and dense residential campuses raise it. Lower is generally safer. Banded against the school's peer group.

Net tuition revenue momentum (CAGR)Modelled by Ibex

2.2%

57th percentile in peer grouppeer median 1.9%

context, not scored

2016-17 to 2024-25 (Scorecard)80 peers

Compound annual growth rate of net tuition revenue per full-time-equivalent student over the tracked years, in nominal dollars (not adjusted for inflation). This is what the institution collects per student after its own discounts, not the net price a family pays (see Net price for that). A rising rate strengthens revenue but can strain affordability and yield, so it is shown as context rather than scored. Compared with the school's peer group. The window shown is the one this school's own figure was measured over: it is shorter where the series starts late, ends early, or is cut at a reporting change, so peers are not all measured over identical years.

Student Outcomes & Risk

The bar under each rank is the spread across the peer group: the shaded box is the middle half, the pale line is their median, and the gold marker is this institution. Hover for the figures.

3-yr cohort default rateAs filed

Strong

30th percentile in peer grouppeer median 3.6%

lower is better

FY2017 cohort76 peers

Share of borrowers who defaulted within three years of entering repayment (U.S. Dept. of Education official cohort default rate). Shown for the FY2017 borrower cohort, the most recent cohort whose full three-year default window closed before the 2020-23 federal student-loan payment pause. More recent cohorts are reported by the College Scorecard at essentially 0%, but that reflects the payment pause (no payments were due, so almost no one could default), not borrower health, so the pre-pause cohort is the last meaningful reading. Lower is better.

Full-time faculty shareAs filed

Strong

100%

89th percentile in peer grouppeer median 53.9%

higher is better

2024-25 (Scorecard)60 peers

Where these numbers come from

Every figure on this page carries one of these labels. They are not degrees of confidence: a projection is not a worse number than a filing, it is a different kind of claim, and the distinction is invisible when both are set in the same grey card.

As filedThis is the institution's own figure as filed with a federal collection, or a federal agency's own published figure about it. Ibex has not adjusted it.

Calculated from filingsCalculated by Ibex from figures in the same federal filing, using nothing but arithmetic: a share, a ratio, or an amount per student. It is exactly as sound as the filed numbers it divides.

Blended indexA blend of several other measures on this page, combined by Ibex. The components and how they are weighted are listed in this metric's description. Reasonable people could weight them differently and get a different score.

Modelled by IbexFitted or extrapolated by Ibex from the institution's reported history. This number appears in no federal file: it is a summary of a trend, and it inherits every irregularity in the years it was fitted through.

Regulator / auditor findingA finding published by a regulator or an independent auditor about this institution. It is a statement someone made in writing, not a measurement Ibex or the school took.

Top fields of study (all levels)

Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry’s largest fields by completions, with graduate earnings (4 years out) and debt benchmarked against the same field at its peer group. Sparklines show the 8-year completions trend.

Field	Completions / yr	Median earnings, 4 yrs out	Median debt	Earnings premium	Risk score
Health Professions & Clinical Sciences	27	$128,116 78th pct · 16 peers	$187,840 50th pct · 17 peers	Above benchmark +318%	Moderate · 37

All 1 top fields shown clear the PR state earnings-premium benchmark (indicative).

Earnings-premium status is an indicative estimate: median graduate earnings four years out vs the PR state median earnings of a high-school graduate (undergraduate credentials) or a bachelor’s-degree holder (graduate credentials) from the U.S. Census Bureau’s American Community Survey (2020-24). The official U.S. Department of Education determination uses its own cohort definition and may differ.

The risk score (0–100) is an indicative blend of earnings-premium margin and the yearly completions growth rate, higher means a field pays closer to (or below) the benchmark and is shrinking. A directional screen, not an official determination.

Major-level detail (CIP 4-digit)

Health Professions & Clinical Sciences – 1 CIP program (4-digit), 1 with earnings

Major (CIP 4-digit)	Compl./yr	Earn 4yr	Earn 1yr	% > threshold	Median debt	Debt/earn	Earnings premium	2 of 3 yrs
OptometryCIP 5117 ›	27	$128,116 n=47	–	96.9% 5yr	$187,840	1.47×	Above benchmark +318%	Clears all 2 yrs

Major-level earnings, debt and threshold pass-rates are reported by College Scorecard only where enough graduates exist to protect privacy, so 1 of 1 major shows an earnings figure. The rest read “–”. % > threshold is ED’s own share of graduates out-earning the federal earnings threshold (the do-no-harm pass rate), drawn from the best available measurement window (4-, 5- or 1-year) pooled across all nine College Scorecard Field-of-Study releases. A small chip marks any figure not on the 4-year window, and hovering names the cohort size and source release. 2 of 3 yrs flags fields below the earnings-premium benchmark in two of the latest three reported cohort-years, the statutory trigger under the 2025 test (effective July 1, 2026). Indicative. The Department of Education’s official determination may differ. Source: U.S. Department of Education, College Scorecard Field of Study (2014–15 through 2022–23 cohorts + most-recent snapshot), accessed March 2026.

See the interactive dashboard for all fields and credential levels (associate through doctoral). Source: College Scorecard Field of Study.

Frequently asked

Are Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry's programs at risk under the federal earnings-premium test?

Indicatively, the single largest field with available earnings data at Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry cleared the PR state earnings-premium benchmark on the latest reported cohort, as did all 1 of the individual majors within them, in each of the latest reported cohort-years. The 2025 federal test (effective July 1, 2026) can withdraw federal Direct Loan eligibility from a program whose graduates earn less than a typical worker without the credential for 2 of 3 years. This is an estimate using College Scorecard field-of-study earnings against ACS state and national medians. The Department of Education's official determination uses its own cohort definition and may differ.

Which schools are Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry's peers?

Inter American University of Puerto Rico-School of Optometry is benchmarked against 81 institutions in the Special Focus: Other Health Professions · Private nonprofit peer group. All percentiles and medians on this page are computed within that group.

Compare with peers

Academy for Five Element Acupuncture Academy of Chinese Culture and Health Sciences Acupuncture and Integrative Medicine College-Berkeley Adler Graduate School Appalachian College of Pharmacy Atlantic Institute of Oriental Medicine

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Source: U.S. Department of Education, College Scorecard & IPEDS (most recent releases), with the U.S. Census Bureau (ACS), the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (Employment Projections, field-demand outlook) and WICHE (enrollment-cliff projections). Most figures lag the current academic year by two to three years; earnings and debt come from the 2020-21 file and a few measures from older files, and each card states its own data year. Percentiles and medians are computed within the institution's peer group. Financial Resilience is a transparent composite, see each component above. Compiled by Ibex Insights.